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product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 1 of 37 march 2003 single chip 2.4 ghz transceiver )($785(6 $33/,&$7,216 true single chip gfsk transceiver in a small 24-pin package (qfn24 5x5mm) wireless mouse, keyboard, joystick keyless entry data rate 0 to1mbps wireless data communication only 2 external components alarm and security systems multi channel operation 125 channels channel switching time <200 m s. support frequency hopping home automation home automation surveillance automotive data slicer / clock recovery of data telemetry address and crc computation intelligent sports equipment duoceiver? for simultaneous dual receiver topology shockburst? mode for ultra-low power operation and relaxed mcu performance industrial sensors toys power supply range: 1.9 to 3.6 v low supply current (tx), typical 10.5ma peak @ -5dbm output power low supply current (rx), typical 18ma peak in receive mode 100% rf tested no need for external saw filter world wide use *(1(5$/'(6&5,37,21 nrf2401 is a single-chip radio transceiver for the world wide 2.4 - 2.5 ghz ism band. the transceiver consists of a fully integrated frequency synthesizer, a power amplifier, a crystal oscillator and a modulator. output power and frequency channels are easily programmable by use of the 3-wire serial interface. current consumption is very low, only 10.5ma at an output power of -5dbm and 18ma in receive mode. built-in power down modes makes power saving easily realizable. 48,&.5()(5(1&('$7$ 3dudphwhu 9doxh 8qlw minimum supply voltage 1.9 v maximum output power 0 dbm maximum data rate 1000 kbps supply current in transmit @ -5dbm output power 10.5 ma supply current in receive mode 18 ma temperature range -40 to +85 c sensitivity -90 dbm supply current in power down mode 1 ma table 1 nrf2401 quick reference data q5)
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 2 of 37 march 2003 7\sh1xpehu 'hvfulswlrq 9huvlrq nrf2401 ic 24 pin qfn 5x5 a nrf2401-evkit evaluation kit (2 test pcb, 2 configuration pcb, sw) 1.0 table 2 nrf2401 ordering information %/2&.',$*5$0 dvdd vdd=3v vdd=3v xc1 xc2 400 w iref vdd_ps=1.8v vss_pa=0v ant1 ant2 22k w vss=0v vss=0v vss=3v vss=0v vss=0v data cs clk1 3-wire interface pwr_up vss=0v ce clk2 dout2 dr2 dr1 data channel 2 data channel 1 frequency synthesiser pa lna if bpf demod clock recovery, dataslicer addr decode fifo in/out crc code/decode duoceiver tm shockburst tm gfsk filter figure 1 nrf2401 with external components.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 3 of 37 march 2003 3,1)81&7,216 3lq 1dph 3lqixqfwlrq 'hvfulswlrq 1 ce digital input chip enable activates rx or tx mode 2 dr2 digital output rx data ready at data channel 2 (shockburst? only) 3 clk2 digital i/o clock output/input for rx data channel 2 4 dout2 digital output rx data channel 2 5 cs digital input chip select activates configuration mode 6 dr1 digital output rx data ready at data channel 1 (shockburst? only) 7 clk1 digital i/o clock input (tx) & output/input (rx) for data channel 1 3-wire interface 8 data digital i/o rx data channel 1/tx data input/ 3-wire interface 9 dvdd power positive digital supply output for decoupling purposes 10 vss power ground (0v) 11 xc2 analog output crystal pin 2 12 xc1 analog input crystal pin 1 13 vdd_pa power output power supply (+1.8v) to power amplifier 14 ant1 rf antenna interface 1 15 ant2 rf antenna interface 2 16 vss_pa power ground (0v) 17 vdd power power supply (+3v dc) 18 vss power ground (0v) 19 iref analog input reference current 20 vss power ground (0v) 21 vdd power power supply (+3v dc) 22 vss power ground (0v) 23 pwr_up digital input power up 24 vdd power power supply (+3v dc) table 3 nrf2401 pin function 3,1$66,*10(17 dout2 vdd data q5) qfn24 5x5 dvdd vdd pwr_up vss ant2 vss vss_pa clk1 ce 23 22 21 24 9 8 7 4 3 2 1 18 17 16 6 5 vdd_pa ant1 14 iref vss 20 19 11 12 13 15 10 cs xc2 xc1 dr1 dr2 clk2 vdd vss figure 2. nrf2401 pin assignment (top view) for a qfn24 5x5 package.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 4 of 37 march 2003 (/(&75,&$/63(&,),&$7,216 conditions: vdd = +3v, vss = 0v, t a = - 40oc to + 85oc 6\pero 3dudphwhufrqglwlrq 1rwhv 0lq 7\s 0d[ 8qlwv 2shudwlqjfrqglwlrqv vdd supply voltage 1.9 3.0 3.6 v temp operating temperature -40 +27 +85 oc 'ljlwdolqsxwslq v ih high level input voltage vdd- 0.3 vdd v v il low level input voltage vss 0.3 v 'ljlwdorxwsxwslq v oh high level output voltage (i oh =-0.5ma) vdd- 0.3 vdd v v ol low level output voltage (i ol =0.5ma) vss 0.3 v *hqhudo5)frqglwlrqv f op operating frequency 1) 2400 2524 mhz f xtal crystal frequency 2) 4 20 mhz d f frequency deviation 156 khz r gfsk data rate shockburst? >0 1000 kbps r gfsk data rate direct mode 3) 250 1000 kbps f channel channel spacing 1 mhz 7udqvplwwhurshudwlrq p rf maximum output power 4) 0 +4 dbm p rfc rf power control range 16 20 db p rfcr rf power control range resolution 3 db p bw 20db bandwidth for modulated carrier 1000 khz p rf2 2 nd adjacent channel transmit power 2mhz -20 dbm p rf3 3 rd adjacent channel transmit power 3mhz -40 dbm i vdd supply current @ 0dbm output power 5) 13 ma i vdd supply current @ -20dbm output power 5) 8.8 ma i vdd average supply current @ -5dbm output power, shockburst? 6) 0.8 ma i vdd average supply current in stand-by mode 7) 12 m a i vdd average supply current in power down 1 m a 5hfhlyhurshudwlrq i vdd supply current one channel 250kbps 18 ma i vdd supply current one channel 1000kbps 19 ma i vdd supply current two channels 250kbps 23 ma i vdd supply current two channels 1000kbps 25 ma rx sens sensitivity at 0.1%ber (@250kbps) -90 dbm rx sens sensitivity at 0.1%ber (@1000kbps) -80 dbm c/i co c/i co-channel 6 db c/i 1st 1 st adjacent channel selectivity c/i 1mhz -1 db c/i 2nd 2 nd adjacent channel selectivity c/i 2mhz -16 db c/i 3rd 3 rd adjacent channel selectivity c/i 3mhz -26 db rx b blocking data channel 2 -41 db 1) usable band is determined by local regulations 2) the crystal frequency may be chosen from 5 different values (4, 8, 12, 16, and 20mhz) which are specified in the configuration word, see table 8. 16mhz are required for 1mbps operation. 3) data rate must be either 250kbps or 1000kbps. 4) de-embedded antenna load impedance = 400 w 5) de-embedded antenna load impedance = 400 w . effective data rate 250kbps or 1mbps. 6) de-embedded antenna load impedance = 400 w . effective data rate 10kbps. 7) current if 4 mhz crystal is used. table 4 nrf2401 rf specifications
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 5 of 37 march 2003 3$&.$*(287/,1( nrf2401 uses the qfn 24ld 5x5 package. dimensions are in mm. 3dfndjh7\sh $ $ $ e ' ( h - . / qfn24 (5x5 mm) 0lq w\s 0d[ 0.8 1 0.0 0.05 0.75 1 0.25 0.3 0.35 5 bsc 5 bsc 0.65 bsc 3.47 3.57 3.67 3.47 3.57 3.67 0.35 0.4 0.45 figure 3 nrf2401 package outline.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 6 of 37 march 2003 $evroxwh0d[lpxp5dwlqjv 6xsso\yrowdjhv vdd ............................- 0.3v to + 3.6v vss .................................................. 0v ,qsxwyrowdjh v i .......................- 0.3v to vdd + 0.3v 2xwsxwyrowdjh v o ......................- 0.3v to vdd + 0.3v 7rwdo3rzhu'lvvlsdwlrq p d (t a =85 c).............................. 90mw 7hpshudwxuhv operating temperature . - 40 c to + 85 c storage temperature. - 40 c to + 125 c 1rwh 6wuhvv h[fhhglqj rqh ru pruh ri wkh olplwlqj ydoxhv pd\ fdxvh shupdqhqw gdpdjhwrwkhghylfh $77(17,21 electrostatic sensitive device observe precaution for handling.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 7 of 37 march 2003 *orvvdu\ri7hupv 7hup 'hvfulswlrq clk clock crc cyclic redundancy check cs chip select ce chip enable dr data ready gfsk gaussian frequency shift keying ism industrial-scientific-medical mcu micro controller od overdrive pwr_dwn power down pwr_up power up rx receive st_by standby tx transmit table 5 glossary
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 8 of 37 march 2003 02'(62)23(5$7,21 2yhuylhz the nrf2401 can be set in the following main modes depending on three control pins: 0rgh pwr_up ce cs active (rx/tx) 1 1 0 configuration 1 0 1 stand by 1 0 0 power down 0 x x table 6 nrf2401 main modes for a complete overview of the nrf2401 i/o pins in the different modes please refer to table 7. $fwlyhprghv the nrf2401 has two active (rx/tx) modes: shockburst ? direct mode the device functionality in these modes is decided by the content of a configuration word. this configuration word is presented in configuration section.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 9 of 37 march 2003 6krfn%xuvw? the shockburst ? technology uses on-chip fifo to clock in data at a low data rate and transmit at a very high rate thus enabling extremely power reduction. when operating the nrf2401 in shockburst?, you gain access to the high data rates (1 mbps) offered by the 2.4 ghz band without the need of a costly, high-speed micro controller (mcu) for data processing. by putting all high speed signal processing related to rf protocol on-chip, the nrf2401 offers the following benefits: highly reduced current consumption lower system cost (facilitates use of less expensive micro controller) greatly reduced risk of on-air collisions due to short transmission time the nrf2401 can be programmed using a simple 3-wire interface where the data rate is decided by the speed of the micro controller. by allowing the digital part of the application to run at low speed while maximizing the data rate on the rf link, the nrf shockburst? mode reduces the average current consumption in applications considerably. 6krfn%xuvw?sulqflsoh when the nrf2401 is configured in shockburst?, tx or rx operation is conducted in the following way (10 kbps for the example only). elw 0&8 q5) continuous 10kbps 1mbps shockburst tm fifo figure 4 clocking in data with mcu and sending with shockburst ? technology time ms 0 20406080100120 140 160 180 200 220 240 10ma periode 10ma period without shockburst tm , running at speed dictated by 10kbs mcu 10kbs mcu with shockburst tm figure 5 current consumption with & without shockburst ? technology
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 10 of 37 march 2003 ucontroller loading addr and payload data nrf2401 calculating crc addr payload addr payload crc data content of registers: nrf2401 in shockburst tm tx (ce=hi)? yes maximum 256 bits nrf2401 adding preamble nrf2401 sending shockburst tm package (250 or 1000kbps) pre- amble addr payload crc sending completed? yes no ce=low? yes no input fifo not empty no figure 6 flow chart shockburst ? transmit of nrf2401 q5)6krfn%xuvw?7udqvplw mcu interface pins: ce, clk1, data 1. when the application mcu has data to send, set ce high. this activates rf2401 on-board data processing. 2. the address of the receiving node (rx address) and payload data is clocked into the nrf2401. the application protocol or mcu sets the speed <1mbps (ex: 10kbps). 3. mcu sets ce low, this activates a nrf2401 shockburst? transmission. 4. nrf2401 shockburst?: rf front end is powered up rf package is completed (preamble added, crc calculated) data is transmitted at high speed (250 kbps or 1 mbps configured by user). nrf2401 return to stand-by when finished
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 11 of 37 march 2003 correct addr? nrf2401 detects preamble and incoming data nrf2401 set data ready (dr1/2) high yes yes no no nrf2401 receives data and checking crc addr payload crc addr payload crc addr payload crc pre- amble addr payload crc payload ucontroller clocks out payload payload data content of registers: nrf2401 register empty? nrf2401 sets data ready (dr1/2) low no yes output register empty nrf2401 in shockburst tm rx? yes no nrf2401 checks: correct crc? figure 7 flow chart shockburst ? receive of nrf2401
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 12 of 37 march 2003 q5)6krfn%xuvw?5hfhlyh mcu interface pins: ce, dr1, clk1 and data (one rx channel receive) 1. correct address and size of payload of incoming rf packages are set when nrf2401 is configured to shockburst ? rx. 2. to activate rx, set ce high. 3. after 200 m s settling, nrf2401 is monitoring the air for incoming communication. 4. when a valid package has been received (correct address and crc found), nrf2401 removes the preamble, address and crc bits. 5. nrf2401 then notifies (interrupts) the mcu by setting the dr1 pin high. 6. mcu may (or may not) set the ce low to disable the rf front end (low current mode). 7. the mcu will clock out just the payload data at a suitable rate (ex. 10 kbps). 8. when all payload data is retrieved nrf2401 sets dr1 low again, and is ready for new incoming data package if ce is kept high during data download. if the ce was set low, a new start up sequence can begin, see figure 16. 'luhfw0rgh in direct mode the nrf2401 works like a traditional rf device. data must be at 1mbps, or 250kbps at low data rate setting, for the receiver to detect the signals. 'luhfw0rgh7udqvplw mcu interface pins: ce, data 1. when application mcu has data to send, set ce high 2. the nrf2401 rf front end is now immediately activated, and after 200 m s settling time, data will modulate the carrier directly. 3. all rf protocol parts must hence be implemented in mcu firmware (preamble, address and crc). 'luhfw0rgh5hfhlyh mcu interface pins: ce, clk1, and data 1. once the nrf2401 is configured and powered up (ce high) in direct rx mode, data will start to toggle due to noise present on the air. 2. clk1 will also start to toggle as nrf2401 is trying to lock on to the incoming data stream. 3. once a valid preamble arrives, clk1 and data will lock on to the incoming signal and the rf package will appear at the data pin with the same speed as it is transmitted. 4. to enable the demodulator to re-generate the clock, the preamble must be 8 bits toggling hi-low, starting with low if the first data bit low. 5. in this mode no data ready (dr) signals is available. address and checksum verification must also be done in the receiving mc.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 13 of 37 march 2003 'xr&hlyhu?6lpxowdqhrxv7zr&kdqqho5hfhlyh0rgh in both shockburst ? & direct modes the nrf2401 can facilitate simultaneous reception of two parallel independent frequency channels at the maximum data rate. this means: nrf2401 can receive data from two 1 mbps transmitters (ex: nrf2401 or nrf2402) 8 mhz (8 frequency channels) apart through one antenna interface. the output from the two data channels is fed to two separate mcu interfaces. data channel 1: clk1, data, and dr1 data channel 2: clk2, dout2, and dr2 dr1 and dr2 are available only in shockburst?. the nrf2401 duoceiver? technology provides 2 separate dedicated data channels for rx and replaces the need for two, stand alone receiver systems. q5) 7[5[ q5) 7[5[ q5) 7[ 5[ figure 8 simultaneous 2 channel receive on nrf2401 there is one absolute requirement for using the second data channel. for the nrf2401 to be able to receive at the second data channel the frequency channel must be 8mhz higher than the frequency of data channel 1. the nrf2401 must be programmed to receive at the frequency of data channel 1. no time multiplexing is used in nrf2401 to fulfil this function. in direct mode the mcu must be able to handle two simultaneously incoming data packets if it is not multiplexing between the two data channels. in shockburst? it is possible for the mcu to clock out one data channel at a time while data on the other data channel waits for mcu availability, without any lost data packets, and by doing so reduce the needed performance of the mcu. f rf1 f rf2 =f rf1 +8mhz clock recovery, dataslicer addr, crc check clock recovery, dataslicer addr, crc check dr1 dr2 clk1 data clk2 dout2 data(f rf1 ) data(f rf2 ) figure 9 duoceiver tm with two simultaneously independent receive channels.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 14 of 37 march 2003 &rqiljxudwlrq0rgh in configuration mode a configuration word of up to 15 bytes is downloaded to nrf2401. this is done through a simple 3-wire interface (cs, clk1 and data). for more information on configuration please refer to the nrf2401 device configuration chapter on page16. 6wdqg%\0rgh stand by mode is used to minimize average current consumption while maintaining short start up times. in this mode, part of the crystal oscillator is active. current consumption is dependent on crystal frequency (ex: 12 m a @ 4 mhz, 32 m a @ 16 mhz). the configuration word content is maintained during stand by. 3rzhu'rzq0rgh in power down the nrf2401 is disabled with minimal current consumption, typically less than 1 m a. entering this mode when the device is not active minimizes average current consumption, maximizing battery lifetime. the configuration word content is maintained during power down.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 15 of 37 march 2003 3lqfrqiljxudwlrqiruwkhgliihuhqwprghvriq5) ,13873,16 %,',53,16 2873873,16 gluhfwlrq gluhfwlrq gluhfwlrq q5) 02'(6 3:5b83 &( &6 &/. '$7$ &/. '5 '5 '287 in in in power down 00x x x x 0 0 0 in in in stand by 100 x x x 0 0 0 in in in configuration 1 0 1 clk config data clk 0 0 0 in in in tx shockburst ? 1 1 0 clk data x 0 0 0 in in in tx direct 1 1 0 set to 0 data clk 0 0 0 in out in rx shockburst? in one channel 1 1 0 clk data clk dr1 0 0 in out in rx shockburst? in two channels 110 clk data clk dr1 dr2 data out out out rx direct in one channel 110 clk data 0 00 0 out out out rx direct in two channels 110 clk data clk dr1 dr2 data table 7 pin configuration of nrf2401.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 16 of 37 march 2003 '(9,&(&21),*85$7,21 all configuration of the nrf2401 is done via a 3-wire interface to a single configuration register. the configuration word can be up to 15 bytes long for shockburst ? use and up to 2 bytes long for direct mode. &rqiljxudwlrqiru6krfn%xuvw?rshudwlrq the configuration word in shockburst? enables the nrf2401 to handle the rf protocol. once the protocol is completed and loaded into nrf2401 only one byte, bit[7:0], needs to be updated during actual operation. the configuration blocks dedicated to shockburst? is as follows: payload section width: specifies the number of payload bits in a rf package. this enables the nrf2401 to distinguish between payload data and the crc bytes in a received package. address width: sets the number of bits used for address in the rf package. this enables the nrf2401 to distinguish between address and payload data. address (rx channel 1 and 2): destination address for received data. crc: enables nrf2401 on-chip crc generation and de-coding. note: these configuration blocks, with the exception of the crc, are dedicated for the packages that a nrf2401 is to receive. in tx mode, the mcu must generate an address and a payload section that fits the configuration of the nrf2401 that is to receive the data. when using the nrf2401 on-chip crc feature ensure that crc is enabled and uses the same length for both the tx and rx devices. pre-amble address payload crc figure 10 data packet set-up &rqiljxudwlrqiru'luhfw0rghrshudwlrq for direct mode operation only the two first bytes (bit[15:0]) of the configuring word are relevant.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 17 of 37 march 2003 &rqiljxudwlrq:rugryhuylhz %lw srvlwlrq 1xpehu rielwv 1dph )xqfwlrq 143:120 24 test reserved for testing 119:112 8 data2_w length of data payload section rx channel 2 111:104 8 data1_w length of data payload section rx channel 1 103:64 40 addr2 up to 5 byte address for rx channel 2 63:24 40 addr1 up to 5 byte address for rx channel 1 23:18 6 addr_w number of address bits (both rx channels). 17 1 crc_l 8 or 16 bit crc 6krfn%xuvw?frqiljxudwlrq 16 1 crc_en enable on-chip crc generation/checking. 15 1 rx2_en enable two channel receive mode 14 1 cm communication mode (direct or shockburst ?) 13 1 rfdr_sb rf data rate (1mbps requires 16mhz crystal) 12:10 3 xo_f crystal frequency 9:8 2 rf_pwr rf output power 7:1 7 rf_ch# frequency channel *hqhudoghylfhfrqiljxudwlrq 0 1 rxen rx or tx operation table 8 table of configuration words. the configuration word is shifted in msb first on positive clk1 edges. new configuration is enabled on the falling edge of cs. note. on the falling edge of cs, the nrf2401 updates the number of bits actually shifted in during the last configuration. ex: if the nrf2401 is to be configured for 2 channel rx in shockburst ?, a total of 120 bits must be shifted in during the first configuration after vdd is applied. once the wanted protocol, modus and rf channel are set, only one bit (rxen) is shifted in to switch between rx and tx.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 18 of 37 march 2003 &rqiljxudwlrq:rug'hwdlohg'hvfulswlrq the following describes the function of the 144 bits (bit 143 = msb) that is used to configure the nrf2401. general device configuration: bit[15:0] shockburst? configuration: bit[119:0] test configuration: bit[143:120] msb test d143 d142 d141 d140 d139 d138 d137 d136 reserved for testing 10001110 default msb test d135 d134 d133 d132 d131 d130 d129 d128 d127 d126 d125 d124 d123 d122 d121 d120 reserved for testing close pll in tx 00001000000111 0 0 default data2_w d119 d118 d117 d116 d115 d114 d113 d112 data width channel#2 in # of bits excluding addr/crc 00100000 default data1_w d111 d110 d109 d108 d107 d106 d105 d104 data width channel#1 in # of bits excluding addr/crc 00100000 default addr2 d103 d102 d101 . d71 d70 d69 d68 d67 d66 d65 d64 channel#2 address rx (up to 40bit) 00011100111 default addr1 d63 d62 d61 . d31 d30 d29 d28 d27 d26 d25 d24 channel#1 address rx (up to 40bit) 00011100111 default addr_w d23 d22 d21 d20 d19 d18 address width in # of bits (both channels) 001000 default crc d17 d16 crc mode 1 = 16bit, 0 = 8bit crc 1 = enable; 0 = disable 01 default rf-programming lsb d15 d14 d13 d12 d11 d10 d9 d8 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 two ch. buf od xo frequency rf power channel selection rxen 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000010 0 default table 9 configuration data word the msb bit should be loaded first into the configuration register. default configuration word: h8e08.1c20.2000.0000.00e7.0000.0000.e721.0f04.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 19 of 37 march 2003 6krfn%xuvw?frqiljxudwlrq the section b[119:16] contains the segments of the configuration register dedicated to shockburst ? operational protocol. after vdd is turned on shockburst? configuration is done once and remains set whilst vdd is present. during operation only the first byte for frequency channel and rx/tx switching need to be changed. 3//b&75/ 3//b&75/ ' ' 3// 00open tx/closed rx 01open tx/open rx 1 0 closed tx/closed rx 1 1 closed tx/open rx table 10 pll setting. bit 121-120: pll_ctrl: controls the setting of the pll for test purposes. with closed pll in tx no deviation will be present. '$7$[b: '$7$b: 119 118 117 116 115 114 113 112 '$7$b: 111 110 109 108 107 106 105 104 table 11 number of bits in payload. bit 119 C 112: data2_w: length of rf package payload section for receive-channel 2. bit 111 C 104: data1_w: length of rf package payload section for receive-channel 1. note: the total number of bits in a shockburst? rf package may not exceed 256! maximum length of payload section is hence given by: &5& : $''5 elwv : '$7$[ - - = _ 256 ) ( _ where: addr_w: length of rx address set in configuration word b[23:18] crc: check sum, 8 or 16 bits set in configuration word b[17] pre: preamble, 4 or 8 bits are automatically included shorter address and crc leaves more room for payload data in each package.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 20 of 37 march 2003 $''5[ $''5 103 102 101 . 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 addr1 63 62 61 . 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 table 12 address of receiver #2 and receiver #1. bit 103 C 64: addr2: receiver address channel 2, up to 40 bit. bit 63 C 24: addr1 addr1: receiver address channel 1, up to 40 bit. note! bits in addrx exceeding the address width set in addr_w are redundant and can be set to logic 0. $''5b: &5& $''5b: &5&b/ &5&b(1 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 table 13 number of bits reserved for rx address + crc setting. bit 23 C 18: addr_w: number of bits reserved for rx address in shockburst? packages. note: maximum number of address bits is 40 (5 bytes). values over 40 in addr_w are not valid. bit 17: crc_l: crc length to be calculated by nrf2401 in shockburst?. logic 0: 8 bit crc logic 1: 16 bit crc bit: 16: crc_en: enables on-chip crc generation (tx) and verification (rx). logic 0: on-chip crc generation/checking disabled logic 1: on-chip crc generation/checking enabled note: an 8 bit crc will increase the number of payload bits possible in each shockburst? data packet, but will also reduce the system integrity.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 21 of 37 march 2003 *hqhudoghylfhfrqiljxudwlrq this section of the configuration word handles rf and device related parameters. modes: 5;b(1 &0 5)'5b6% ;2b) 5)b3:5 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 table 14 rf operational settings. bit 15: rx2_en: logic 0: one channel receive logic 1: two channels receive note: in two channels receive, the nrf2401 receives on two, separate frequency channels simultaneously. the frequency of receive channel 1 is set in the configuration word b[7-1], receive channel 2 is always 8 channels (8 mhz) above receive channel 1. bit 14: communication mode: logic 0: nrf2401 operates in direct mode. logic 1: nrf2401 operates in shockburst ? mod e bit 13: rf data rate: logic 0: 250 kbps logic 1: 1 mbps note: utilizing 250 kbps instead of 1mbps will improve the receiver sensitivity by 10 db. 1mbps requires 16mhz crystal. bit 12-10: xo_f: selects the nrf2401 crystal frequency to be used: ;2)5(48(1&<6(/(&7,21 ' ' ' &u\vwdo)uhtxhqf\>0+]@ 000 4 001 8 010 12 011 16 100 20 table 15 crystal frequency setting.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 22 of 37 march 2003 bit 9-8: rf_pwr: sets nrf2401 rf output power in transmit mode: 5)28738732:(5 ' ' 3>g%p@ 00 -20 01 -10 10 -5 11 0 table 16 rf output power setting. 5)fkdqqho gluhfwlrq 5)b&+ 5;(1 7654321 0 table 17 frequency channel + rx / tx setting. bit 7 C 1: rf_ch#: sets the frequency channel the nrf2401 operates on. the channel frequency in wudqvplw is given by: 0+] &+ 5) 0+] &kdqqho 5) 0 . 1 # _ 2400 + = rf_ch #: between 2400mhz and 2527mhz may be set. the channel frequency in gdwdfkdqqho is given by: 0+] &+ 5) 0+] &kdqqho 5) 0 . 1 # _ 2400 + = (receive at pin#8) rf_ch #: between 2400mhz and 2524mhz may be set. note: the channels above 83 can only be utilized in certain territories (ex: japan) the channel frequency in gdwdfkdqqho is given by: 0+] &+ 5) 0+] &kdqqho 5) 0 . 1 # _ 2400 + = +8mhz (receive at pin#4) rf_ch #: between 2408mhz and 2524mhz may be set. bit 0: set active mode: logic 0: transmit mode logic 1: receive mode
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 23 of 37 march 2003 '$7$3$&.$*('(6&5,37,21 pre-amble address payload crc figure 11 data package diagram the data packet for both shockburst ? mode and direct mode communication is divided into 4 sections. these are: 35($0%/( the preamble field is required in shockburst ? and direct modes preamble is 8 (or 4) bits in length and is dependent of the first data bit in direct mode. preamble 1 st addr-bit 01010101 0 10101010 1 preamble is automatically added to the data packet in shockburst? and thereby gives extra space for payload. in shockburst? mode the preamble is stripped from the received output data, in direct mode the preamble is transparent to the output data. $''5(66 the address field is required in shockburst? mode. 8 to 40 bits length. address automatically removed from received packet in shockburst? mode. in direct mode mcu must handle address. 3$ product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 24 of 37 march 2003 ,03257$177,0,1*'$7$ the following timing applies for operation of nrf2401. q5)7lplqj,qirupdwlrq q5)wlplqj 0d[ 0lq 1dph pwr_dwn ? st_by mode 3ms tpd2sby pwr_dwn ? active mode (rx/tx) 3ms tpd2a st_by ? tx shockburst ? 195 m s tsby2txsb st_by ? tx direct mode 202 m s tsby2txdm st_by ? rx mode 202 m s tsby2rx minimum delay from cs to data. 5 m s tcs2data minimum delay from ce to data. 5 m s tce2data minimum delay from dr1/2 to clk. 50ns tdr2clk maximum delay from clk to data. 50ns tclk2data delay between edges 50ns td setup time 500ns ts hold time 500ns th delay to finish internal gfsk data 1/data rate tfd minimum input clock high 500ns thmin set-up of data in direct mode 50ns tsdm minimum clock high in direct mode 300ns thdm minimum clock low in direct mode 230ns tldm table 19 switching times for nrf2401 when the nrf2401 is in power down it must always settle in stand-by (tpd2sby) before it can enter configuration or one of the active modes. pwr_up data ce tpd2sby clk1 cs figure 12 timing diagram for power down (or vdd off) to stand by mode for nrf2401.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 25 of 37 march 2003 pwr_up data ce tpd2a clk1 cs figure 13 power down (or vdd off) to active mode note that the configuration word will be lost when vdd is turned off and that the device then must be configured before going to one of the active modes. if the device is configured one can go directly from power down to the wanted active mode. 1rwh ce and cs may not be high at the same time. setting one or the other decides whether configuration or active mode is entered.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 26 of 37 march 2003 &rqiljxudwlrqprghwlplqj when one or more of the bits in the configuration word needs to be changed the following timing apply. cs clk1 data ce pwr_up clk1 data cs msb ts ce th w td thmin tcs2data figure 14 timing diagram for configuration of nrf2401 if configuration mode is entered from power down, cs can be set high after tpd2sby as shown in figure 12.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 27 of 37 march 2003 6krfn%xuvw?0rghwlplqj 6krfn%xuvw?7; cs clk1 data ce pwr_up clk1 data cs th tce2data ce td ant1/ant2 . t sby2txsb toa w t hmin ts figure 15 timing of shockburst ? in tx the package length and the data rate give the delay toa (time on air), as shown in the equation. ) 1 (# / 1 + = gdwdelwv gdwdudwh 7 2$
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 28 of 37 march 2003 6krfn%xuvw?5; figure 16 timing of shockburst ? in rx the ce may be kept high during downloading of data, but the cost is higher current consumption (18ma) and the benefit is no start-up time (200 m s) after the dr1 goes low. cs clk1/2 data/dout2 ce pwr_up clk1/2 data/ dout2 ce tdr2clk dr1/2 td ant1/ant2 . tsby2rx tclk2data dr1/2 w t hmin td
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 29 of 37 march 2003 'luhfw0rgh 'luhfw0rgh7; cs clk1 data ce pwr_up td ant1/ant2 t sby2txdm toadm tfd w figure 17 timing of direct mode tx in tx direct mode the input data will be sampled by nrf2401 and therefore no clock is needed. the clock must be stable at low level during transmission due to noise considerations. the exact delay t sby2txdm is given by the equation: xv ) xv 7 ;2 w['0 ve\ 25 . 2 14 / 1 194 2 + + =
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 30 of 37 march 2003 'luhfw0rgh5; cs clk1/2 data/dout2 ce pwr_up td ant1/ant2 tsby2rx clk1/2 data/dout2 ce tsdm w t hdm t ldm figure 18 timing of direct mode rx tsby2rx describes the delay from the positive edge of ce to the start detection of (demodulated) incoming data.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 31 of 37 march 2003 3(5,3+(5$/5),1)250$7,21 $qwhqqdrxwsxw the ant1 & ant2 output pins provide a balanced rf output to the antenna. the pins must have a dc path to vdd, either via a rf choke or via the center point in a dipole antenna. the load impedance seen between the ant1/ant2 outputs should be in the range 200-700 w . a de-embedded load impedance i.e. impedance seen at drain terminals of the output transistors of 400 w is recommended for maximum output power (0dbm). lower load impedance (for instance 50 w ) can be obtained by fitting a simple matching network. 2xwsxw3rzhudgmxvwphqw 3rzhuvhwwlqjelwvri frqiljxulqjzrug 5)rxwsxwsrzhu '&fxuuhqw frqvxpswlrq 11 0 dbm 3db 13.0 ma 10 -5 dbm 3db 10.5 ma 01 -10 dbm 3db 9.4 ma 00 -20 dbm 3db 8.8 ma conditions: vdd = 3.0v, vss = 0v, t a = 27oc, load impedance = 400 w . table 20 rf output power setting for the nrf2401. &u\vwdo6shflilfdwlrq tolerance includes initially accuracy and tolerance over temperature and aging. )uhtxhqf\ & / (65 & pd[ 7rohudqfh 4 12pf 150 w 7.0pf 30ppm 8 12pf 100 w 7.0pf 30ppm 12 12pf 100 w 7.0pf 30ppm 16 12pf 100 w 7.0pf 30ppm 20 12pf 100 w 7.0pf 30ppm table 21 crystal specification of the nrf2401 to achieve a crystal oscillator solution with low power consumption and fast start-up time, it is recommended to specify the crystal with a low value of crystal load capacitance. specifying c l =12pf is ok, but it is possible to use up to 16pf. specifying a lower value of crystal parallel equivalent capacitance, co is also good, but this can increase the price of the crystal itself. typically co=1.5pf at a crystal specified for co_max=7.0pf.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 32 of 37 march 2003 3&%od\rxwdqgghfrxsolqjjxlgholqhv a well-designed pcb is necessary to achieve good rf performance. keep in mind that a poor layout may lead to loss of performance, or even functionality, if due care is not taken. a fully qualified rf-layout for the nrf2401 and its surrounding components, including matching networks, can be downloaded from zzzqyovlqr . a pcb with a minimum of two layers including a ground plane is recommended for optimum performance. the nrf2401 dc supply voltage should be decoupled as close as possible to the vdd pins with high performance rf capacitors, see table 22. it is preferable to mount a large surface mount capacitor (e.g. 4.7 m f tantalum) in parallel with the smaller value capacitors. the nrf2401 supply voltage should be filtered and routed separately from the supply voltages of any digital circuitry. long power supply lines on the pcb should be avoided. all device grounds, vdd connections and vdd bypass capacitors must be connected as close as possible to the nrf2401 ic. for a pcb with a topside rf ground plane, the vss pins should be connected directly to the ground plane. for a pcb with a bottom ground plane, the best technique is to have via holes as close as possible to the vss pads. one via hole should be used for each vss pin. full swing digital data or control signals should not be routed close to the crystal or the power supply lines.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 33 of 37 march 2003 $33/,&$7,21(;$03/( q5)zlwkvlqjohhqghgpdwfklqjqhwzrun ce 1 avdd 24 avss 18 avdd 17 vss_pa 16 dr2 2 clk2 3 dout2 4 cs 5 dr1 6 clk1 7 data 8 dvdd 9 avss 10 xc2 11 xc1 12 ant2 15 ant1 14 vdd_pa 13 iref 19 avss 20 avdd 21 test 22 pwr_up 23 nrf2401 u1 nrf2401 qfn24/5x5 c2 22pf l1 3.6nh l2 22nh c8 1.0pf c9 1.0pf c5 1nf c6 10nf r2 22k c4 2.2nf xxx xxx xxx c1 22pf r1 1m x1 16 mhz c3 22pf c7 33nf rf i /o pwr_up ce dr2 clk2 dout2 cs dr1 clk1 data vdd figure 19 nrf2401 schematic for rf layouts with single end 50 w antenna &rpsrqhqw 'hvfulswlrq 6l]h 9doxh 7rohudqfh 8qlwv c1 capacitor ceramic, 50v, npo 0603 22 5% pf c2 capacitor ceramic, 50v, npo 0603 22 5% pf c3 capacitor ceramic, 50v, npo 0603 22 5% pf c4 capacitor ceramic, 50v, x7r 0603 2.2 10% nf c5 capacitor ceramic, 50v, x7r 0603 1.0 10% nf c6 capacitor ceramic, 50v, x7r 0603 10 10% nf c7 capacitor ceramic, 50v, x7r 0603 33 10% nf r1 resistor 0603 1.0 1% m w r2 resistor 0603 22 1% k w u1 q5) transceiver qfn24 / 5x5 nrf2401 x1 crystal, cl = 12pf, esr < 100 ohm lxwxh = 4.0x2.5x0.8 16 1) +/- 30 ppm mhz l1 inductor, wire wound 2) 0603 3.6 5% nh l2 inductor, wire wound 2) 0603 22 5% nh c8 ceramic capacitor, 50v, np0 0603 1.0 0.25 pf pf c9 ceramic capacitor, 50v, np0 0603 1.0 0.25 pf pf table 22 recommended components (bom) in nrf2401 with antenna matching network 1) q5) can operate at several crystal frequencies, please refer to page 31. 2) wire wound inductors are recommended, other can be used if their self-resonant frequency (sfr) is > 2.7 ghz
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 34 of 37 march 2003 3&%od\rxwh[dpsoh figure 20 shows a pcb layout example for the application schematic in figure 19. a double-sided fr-4 board of 1.6mm thickness is used. this pcb has a ground plane on the bottom layer. additionally, there are ground areas on the component side of the board to ensure sufficient grounding of critical components. a large number of via holes connect the top layer ground areas to the bottom layer ground plane. top silk screen no components in bottom layer top view bottom view figure 20 nrf2401 rf layout with single ended connection to 50 w antenna and 0603 size passive components
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 35 of 37 march 2003 '(),1,7,216 'dwdvkhhwvwdwxv objective product specification this datasheet contains target specifications for product development. preliminary product specification this datasheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published from nordic vlsi asa later. product specification this datasheet contains final product specifications. nordic vlsi asa reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. /lplwlqjydoxhv stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the specifications sections of the specification is not implied. exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. $ssolfdwlrqlqirupdwlrq where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification. table 23. definitions nordic vlsi asa reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the product to improve reliability, function or design. nordic vlsi does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuits described herein. /,)(6833257$33/,&$7,216 these products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. nordic vlsi asa customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify nordic vlsi asa for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. preliminary product specification: revision date: 27.03.2003. datasheet order code: 270303-nrf2401. all rights reserved ?. reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written permission of the copyright holder.
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 36 of 37 march 2003 <285127(6
product specification q5)6lqjoh&kls*+]5dglr7udqvfhlyhu nordic vlsi asa - vestre rosten 81, n-7075 tiller, norway - phone +4772898900 - fax +4772 898989 revision: 1.0 page 37 of 37 march 2003 1ruglf9/6,$6$:ruog:lgh'lvwulexwruv )ru

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